ライティングの採点基準(Band Descriptors)の Lexical Resource(語彙力)では、バンド7に「uses less common lexical items with some awareness of style and collocation(あまり一般的でない語彙を、スタイルとコロケーションをある程度意識して使える)」という記述があります。ただ、今回紹介する表現を使えば、それだけでこの記述に当てはまるわけではありません。
Many developing countries struggle with brain drain as their most talented graduates migrate to developed nations seeking better career opportunities and higher salaries.
Governments must address the digital divide by investing in rural broadband infrastructure and providing digital literacy training for elderly populations.
Critics argue that the trickle-down effect of tax cuts for wealthy individuals has failed to significantly improve wages and living standards for middle and lower-income families.
Education should be treated as a public good because accessible education for everyone benefits the entire society through innovation, economic growth, and better democratic participation.
性別や人種などを理由に、職場での昇進を阻む「見えない障壁」。透明で見えるのに通り抜けられないガラスの比喩で、1980年代から使われています。break the glass ceiling(ガラスの天井を打破する)というフレーズもよく使われます。男女平等や企業文化がテーマのときに取り上げやすい語です。
Despite having equal qualifications and experience, many women continue to face a glass ceiling that prevents them from reaching executive positions in major corporations.
While supporters argue that cancel culture promotes accountability, critics contend that it can stifle free speech and lead to disproportionate punishments for minor offenses.
While the nuclear family model provides independence and mobility advantages, it can lead to social isolation and reduced support networks compared to extended family structures.
Social media platforms can amplify herd mentality, leading people to adopt popular opinions without critically evaluating the information they encounter.
Educational institutions should implement programs that help students develop critical thinking skills and self-confidence to resist negative peer pressure.
Students who step outside their comfort zone by studying abroad often develop greater independence, cultural awareness and adaptability, all of which can benefit them throughout their careers.
注意:crossroads は1つの分かれ道を指すときも s の付いた形で使い、a crossroads となります。be at a crossroads のほか、reach a crossroads や come to a crossroads のように動詞と組むこともあります。「at a crossroad」は一般的ではありません。
Many countries find themselves at a crossroads between maintaining traditional economic models and embracing sustainable development practices.
Developing countries often find themselves between a rock and a hard place when it comes to environmental protection, as they must choose between economic growth and ecological preservation.
Government resources are often spread too thin across multiple social programs, resulting in inadequate funding for each initiative and reduced overall effectiveness.
使えます。たとえば inequality in access to technology と一度書いたあとで the digital divide と言い換えれば、同じ語句の繰り返しを避けることができます。ただし digital divide は利用能力の差まで含む語なので、完全に同じ意味にはならない点に注意が必要です。
スピーキングでもイディオムを使ってよいですか。
使えます。スピーキングの採点基準にも、less common and idiomatic items の使い方に触れた記述があります。ただ、意味があいまいなまま使うとかえって不自然に聞こえるので、確実に使えるものから声に出して練習するといいでしょう。